Tehzeeb Ki Kahani Pathar Ka Zamana Vol 1 Stone Age PDF

 

Tehzeeb ki Kahani Pathar Ka Zamana Vol 1 The Story of Civilization Stone Age by Dr. Mubarak Ali Urdu book free download pdf or read online. History textbooks in Pakistan contain very little information about the origin, evolution, and development of civilizations. To make up for this shortfall, three alternative curriculum books for school students have been written, "The Stone Age", "Bronze Age" and "Iron Age". In these books, care has been taken to pay more attention to the daily life of the common people in the history of these civilizations and to highlight the fact that history always moves forward through the process of change. Hopefully, these books will be useful not only for the students of the school but also for the general readers.

The Stone Age is a long prehistoric time when man mainly used stone to make tools. This is before the discovery of metals. In those days, stones, as well as wood, bones, animal skins, horns, and some other things, were commonly used to make tools and utensils. At the end of the Stone Age, man also learned the art of making pottery from clay and baking it in the fire. After this period, along with various inventions, mankind entered the age of copper, brass, and the iron respectively. About 2.5 to 2.7 million years ago [1], stone tools were first used in Ethiopia, and since then the technique has gradually spread to the rest of the world. The Stone Age ended with learning agriculture and the use of copper. This period is called prehistoric because man had not yet learned to write. The invention of the alphabet and writing is considered to be the beginning of the prevailing history.

Civilization is a common feature of a nation or a society, which not only identifies that nation but also determines it with the help of civilization and culture if one wants to differentiate it from other nations and societies. The reason is that Nations cannot be discriminated against on the basis of instinct. The structure of the cultural blueprint rests with man. Obviously, culture belongs to society, so civilization does not arise in space. It is also a fact that some cultural attitudes are inherited, but these attitudes are also called civilizations. It creates under its own special environment, special beliefs, ideas, and other influences. This process of acquisition also creates unity in a nation's civilization and distinguishes it from other nations. In this sense, national civilization is the common capital of both the individual and the community.

No civilization can grow apart from other civilizations. The experiences of past civilizations, the contemporary civilizations found in the vicinity, affect any civilization in different ways. Not only national tendencies and trends affect civilization. It is not only the effect but also other civilizations that affect it. These are the salient features of the influence and flexibility of civilizations. The ability to accept the characteristics of other civilizations is what keeps civilization alive and vibrant. Cut off from civilizations, limited, cannot move forward. 

تہذیب کی کہانی جلد اول 1 ۔ پتھر کا زمانہ

ڈاکٹر مبارک علی

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Tehzeeb Ki Kahani Kansi Ka Zamana Vol 2 by Mubarak Ali PDF

 

Tehzeeb Ki Kahani Kansi Ka Zamana Vol 2 by Dr. Mubarak Ali Story of Civilization The Bronze Age in Urdu PDF book free download or read online.  This is a new edition of the story of human civilization. Happily, it was liked not only by the students but also by the general readers. All three Urdu books try to make the students aware of the beginnings and spread of civilization and they are interested in reading history, I am happy that this goal has been achieved. Dr. Mubarak Ali. When we study the history of the world, we come across many things. What has changed in this world? How did climate change? How did the environment affect humans, animals, birds, and trees? This information is now within our reach because of science and other sciences. 

So we can better understand the evolution of the world and its changes. Based on our knowledge, we can say that in the very early days, when the environment changed, it had that nature. For example, when the snow came, everything froze. When the snow melted, greenery spread everywhere, dense forests were created. Animals and birds began to appear all around. When the rivers flooded, he carried everything with him. When an earthquake came, it destroyed everything. The man was helpless at the hands of nature at that time. Nature was dominant at that time. But even then, his mind was on her, trying to understand nature and thinking about fighting to compromise with her. When he thought of creating his own world and started it, from that stage man laid the foundation of civilization.

The term is used interchangeably. The life of the universe is divided into four periods in terms of peace and comfort. The first golden age in which the people had a hard-working free life and they lived on fruits and vegetables. The second is the first time when people were satisfied with natural products but became oblivious to God. The third metal age was when materialism gained momentum and war flourished. Sometimes the time is named after a famous person or an important historical event, for example, the time of Ramayana and Mahabharata is called the time of courage, similarly, the golden age of Islam is the time of Arab ignorance, the time of migration.

Archaeologists are still suffering to acquire sufficient evidence earlier than accomplishing the very last conclusions. For example, the oldest was the Stone Age. Then the new Stone Age began. Then came the age of copper. Then there was the Bronze Age and finally, the Iron Age which is going on now. In the first age, people used stone weapons. In the second, beautiful stone weapons began to be made. Copper weapons came into being in the third and bronze weapons in the fourth, and now every tool and weapon is made of iron.

According to the Hindus too, the time was divided into four years. The first is called Satya Yag, meaning the true time, and the last is called Kal Yak Kaljag, the time of trouble. According to him, now is the time of King, that is, the time of materialism and trouble. Which started from Mahabharata. New times are being born every day. For example, the age of the atomic bomb, the age of science, etc. When the tense is not specified, it refers to the present tense, but the meanings of the tense are found. There are three periods of history: the prehistoric period. The Middle Ages, which are a thousand years later, and the present, which began after 1000 AD. You can also read or download other parts of this book From the below links.

 تہذیب کی کہانی  کانسی کا زمانہ ۲

 ڈاکٹر مبارک علی

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Qadeem Hindustan Ki Kahani Book 1 PDF By Dr Mubarak Ali

 

Qadeem Hindustan Ki Kahani book 1 PDF download by Dr Mubarak Ali free read or get pdf volume 1 Ancient Indian History Qadeem Hidustan Ki Tareekh in Urdu.

When historians write the history of a country, nation, or society, they divide it into different periods so that the political, economic, and social changes that take place in history can be easily understood. Terms or words of ancient, vow or medieval and modern are used for this purpose. The difficulty in this regard is how to divide the history of all countries and regions in the same way. 

What happens is that in the history of each country and nation, the ancient, covenant and ancestor begin with separate dates. When we mention the ancient history of India, its beginnings are as follows: Let's start and bring this covenant to 5 years. But not every historian has to accept it, there are minor changes and modifications, but the history of the ancient era usually begins with the establishment of the kingdom of Magadha, and dates back to the eighth century AD. 

That when Sindh was invaded by the Arabs. Although this era has many historical features, a few discoveries are worth mentioning: First, Indian civilization developed culturally according to its internal influences and needs. Second, it contained external aggressors. However, it did happen that the cultural traditions they had brought with them became part of it. The word Dravidian is used for the ancient inhabitants of India. Then came the Aryans who changed the course of Indian civilization. His successors included the Greeks, the Scythians, the Kushans, the Arabs, the Turks, and the Mughals, who became the inhabitants of India.

India is a subcontinent, a large country inhabited by people of many nations, races, and ethnicities. In ancient times there was no contact between them due to lack of communication. North and southern India were divided into two parts. The tribes lived in the mountains, forests and deserts. That is why India's process is difficult.

That is why historians began the ancient history of India with the arrival of the Aryans, and called the Indian civilization the Aryan civilization. When the British came here, they also supported it and indoctrinated it. And the name of P. civilization. As a result, when Indian civilization became Aryan, non-Aryans, including the ancient inhabitants of India, were separated from it.

Historians have paid close attention to the Ganges and Jumna valleys and their history because there are great saints and emperors in the plains, and human history has been a source of controversy for them. The south was divided into smaller states because of the mountains, valleys and foothills. Therefore, their history was also tangled.

From this point of view of Aryavarta, South India played a strong role, as a result of which he made Tamil a sacred language, emphasizing the importance of the Tamil mosquito. He showed the greatness of his history to the governments of the Chola and Pandya families.

At present, regional history is being written in India. This is the history of the people and areas that have been given so far in history. Like Assam, Bengal, Nagaland and Rajasthan, these people are now writing their own histories. Not only is this not only reading history but also decentralizing the history of northern India. By Dr Mubarak Ali

ہندوستان کی کہانی 1 قدیم ہندوستان از ڈاکٹر مبارک علی

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