Andalus History Islamic Spain Urdu book PDF by Qadratullah Khan Islami Haspaniya Tareekh ebook free download or read online Muslim history book from this blog. The 800-year history of Muslims in the Spanish peninsula is also a very important Balshan chapter of Islamic history and a very sad place of learning. This country was conquered by Tariq and Musa during the reign of Walid I and became a province of the Caliphate of Damascus.
After the fall of the Umayyad Caliphate, when the Abbasid Caliphate rose to prominence, an Umayyad prince named Abdul Rahman somehow escaped the massacre at the hands of the Abbasids and fled from the East to Andalusia (Spain) in complete distress and confusion. Established an independent empire. From the womb of the great civilization came the renaissance of Europe. Abdul Rahman Salis, the eighth crown prince of Abdul Rahman's descendants, took the title of caliph.
In the tenth century AH, the sun of the Caliphate of Andalusia reached the meridian and the capital of this great empire, Qurtaba, became a 'gem of water in the world. In that century, the politics of all of Europe and Africa remained in the hands of this city. This wonderful kingdom was a marvel of its time and its power made the whole Christian world tremble. Its fleet of more than a thousand merchant ships occupied all the seas of the world and the wealth of the world came to this country.
The caliphs of Qurtaba appreciated the generosity of the sciences and arts so much that the royal treasury became too narrow for them. In the case of every perfection and decline, this empire was also suppressed by the same decay that is a part of every empire. With the abundance of wealth and glory, the courtiers and the people could not keep their noble morals alive and fell prey to luxury, immorality, and debauchery. Even in the first quarter of the eleventh century, the Caliphate of Qurtaba came to an end.
Countless small and large states were formed on the ruins of the Great Caliphate. Although the courts of their rulers were glorious cradles of science and art and civilization, they began to quarrel with each other in mutual jealousy and envy. These civil wars greatly strengthened the interests of the Christians and gave them the idea of reclaiming Andalusia. Around the same time, the kingdom of the Merabites was established in Africa. Yusuf bin Tashfeen was their ruler at that time, who established the city of Morocco and made it his capital.
He came to Andalusia and defeated the Christians in a decisive battle at Zalaqa, which increased the Muslim presence in Andalusia by four hundred years. But as soon as Yusuf returned to Morocco, the feudal lords again fell into luxury and began to help the Christians in opposition to Yusuf in order to retain their throne. Realizing this, Joseph overthrew the Andalusian emperors and established his empire there. The Al-Marabtins ruled Andalusia for almost fifty years, but this time was spent in the civil war in Andalusia. Even another political revolution took place in Africa and the kingdom was overthrown by the Marabtin al-Muwahhidin.
The Al-Muwahhidin Sultans also ruled Andalusia for about 80 years. In his time, Andalusia was a very civilized empire with the policy of Western Europe in its hands. The first three sultans of this family were rulers of great ability. These people were the mentors of philosophers like Ibn Majah, Ibn Tufayl, and Ibn Rushd. In his time, Seville was made the capital of Andalusia and was adorned with beautiful buildings. A beautiful minaret in this city remains as his memorial.
This important and useful book by Qudratullah Khan is presented by Taamir News in the service of tasteful readers interested in the history of Islamic empires. The size of this PDF file of about 300 pages is only 13 megabytes. The download link for the book is as follows: The name of the book Islamic Spain Author by Qudratullah Khan Number of Pages 296 Year of Publication April 1978 PDF File Size Approximately 13 MB.
